Senate
United States elections · 1790 · held
State Senate races in this midterm cycle, with separate candidate results and election-era ideology attribution.
State races and results map
Each race has its own denominator. Missing counts are blank. The interactive map uses modern state outlines as navigation references.
Connecticut — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oliver Ellsworth | Pro-Administration | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent re-elected on an unknown date. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Oliver Ellsworth (Pro-Admin.)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Connecticut — Senate (Class 3) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Roger Sherman | Pro-Administration | — | — | Elected |
Resigned March 4, 1791. New senator elected June 13, 1791. Pro-Administration hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Roger Sherman (Pro-Admin.)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Delaware — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| George Read | Pro-Administration | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent re-elected October 23, 1790. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y George Read (Pro-Admin.) Unanimous
Sources & further reading
Maryland — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Charles Carroll | Pro-Administration | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent re-elected in 1791. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Charles Carroll (Pro-Admin.)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Massachusetts — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nathaniel Gorham | Unknown | — | — | — |
| George Cabot | Pro-Administration | — | — | — |
| Charles Jarvis | Unknown | — | — | — |
| Tristram Dalton | Unknown | — | — | — |
| Nathan Dane | Pro-Administration | — | — | — |
| Samuel Holten | Unknown | — | — | — |
| George Cabot | Pro-Administration | — | — | — |
| Nathaniel Gorham | Unknown | — | — | — |
| Charles Jarvis | Unknown | — | — | — |
| Samuel Holten | Unknown | — | — | — |
| George Cabot | Pro-Administration | — | — | Elected |
| Nathaniel Gorham | Unknown | — | — | — |
| Charles Jarvis | Unknown | — | — | — |
| Samuel Holten | Unknown | — | — | — |
| Tristram Dalton | Pro-Administration | — | — | — |
Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected in 1790 on the third ballot. Pro-Administration hold. Source candidate / selection detail: First ballot June 22, 1790
▌ Nathaniel Gorham (Unknown) 36.89% (45 votes) ▌ George Cabot (Pro-Administration) 28.69% (35 votes) ▌ Charles Jarvis (Unknown) 26.23% (32 votes) ▌ Tristram Dalton (Unknown) 4.92% (6 votes) ▌ Nathan Dane (Pro-Administration) 1.64% (2 votes) ▌ Samuel Holten (Unknown) 1.64% (2 votes)
Second ballot June 22, 1790
▌ George Cabot (Pro-Administration) 32.88% (48 votes) ▌ Nathaniel Gorham (Unknown) 29.45% (43 votes) ▌ Charles Jarvis (Unknown) 22.60% (33 votes) ▌ Samuel Holten (Unknown) 15.07% (22 votes)
Third ballot June 22, 1790
▌Y George Cabot (Pro-Admin.) 59.18% (87 votes)
▌Nathaniel Gorham (Unknown) 24.49% (36 votes)
▌Charles Jarvis (Unknown) 13.61% (20 votes)
▌Samuel Holten (Unknown) 2.72% (4 votes)
▌Tristram Dalton (Pro-Admin.) Eliminated
Sources & further reading
New Jersey — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| John Rutherfurd | Pro-Administration | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent retired or lost re-election. New senator elected in 1790. Pro-Administration hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y John Rutherfurd (Pro-Admin.)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
New Jersey — Senate (special: Class 2) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Philemon Dickinson | Pro-Administration | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent resigned November 13, 1790, to become Governor of New Jersey. New senator elected November 13, 1790. Pro-Administration hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Philemon Dickinson (Pro-Admin.)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
New York — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aaron Burr | Anti-Administration | — | — | Elected |
| Philip Schuyler | Pro-Administration | — | — | — |
| Egbert Benson | Pro-Administration | — | — | — |
Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected January 19, 1791. Anti-Administration gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Aaron Burr (Anti-Admin.) 54.24% Assembly (32–27) and 77.78% Senate (14–4)
▌Philip Schuyler (Pro-Admin.) 45.77% Assembly (27–32)
▌Egbert Benson (Pro-Admin.) 40.68% Assembly (24–35)
Sources & further reading
Rhode Island — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Theodore Foster | Pro-Administration | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent re-elected in 1791. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Theodore Foster (Pro-Admin.)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Rhode Island — Senate (Class 1) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Theodore Foster | Pro-Administration | — | — | Elected |
Rhode Island ratified the Constitution May 29, 1790. New senator elected June 7, 1790. Pro-Administration gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Theodore Foster (Pro-Admin.)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Rhode Island — Senate (Class 2) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Joseph Stanton Jr. | Anti-Administration | — | — | Elected |
Rhode Island ratified the Constitution May 29, 1790. New senator elected June 7, 1790. Anti-Administration gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Joseph Stanton Jr. (Anti-Admin.)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Vermont — Senate (Class 1) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Moses Robinson | Anti-Administration | — | — | Elected |
Vermont was admitted to the Union March 4, 1791. New senator elected October 17, 1791. Anti-Administration gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Moses Robinson (Anti-Admin.)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Vermont — Senate (Class 3) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stephen R. Bradley | Anti-Administration | — | — | Elected |
Vermont was admitted to the Union March 4, 1791. New senator elected October 17, 1791. Anti-Administration gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Stephen R. Bradley (Anti-Admin.)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Virginia — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| James Monroe | Anti-Administration | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent re-elected in 1791. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y James Monroe (Anti-Admin.)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Virginia — Senate (special: Class 1) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| James Monroe | Anti-Administration | — | — | Elected |
Interim appointee retired when successor elected. New senator elected November 9, 1790. Anti-Administration gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y James Monroe (Anti-Admin.)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Results: final · partial coverage · Elected candidates in regular races; continuing senators are not included
| Party / candidate | Votes | Vote share | Seats | Electoral votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oliver Ellsworth · Connecticut | — | — | 1 | — |
| George Read · Delaware | — | — | 1 | — |
| Charles Carroll · Maryland | — | — | 1 | — |
| George Cabot · Massachusetts | — | — | 1 | — |
| John Rutherfurd · New Jersey | — | — | 1 | — |
| Aaron Burr · New York | — | — | 1 | — |
| Theodore Foster · Rhode Island | — | — | 1 | — |
| James Monroe · Virginia | — | — | 1 | — |
The seat diagram shows only regular seats contested in this cycle, not the full Senate. Special races remain available in the state selector. Early cycles span two years and use legislative selection; missing or non-comparable vote totals are left blank. Candidate ideology is used where sourced; otherwise the broad election-era party tradition is used. Unassessed candidates are not assigned an ideology.
Sources & further reading
U.S. Senate historical party divisions