Senate
United States elections · 1816 · held
State Senate races in this election cycle, with separate candidate results and election-era ideology attribution.
State races and results map
Each race has its own denominator. Missing counts are blank. The interactive map uses modern state outlines as navigation references.
Delaware — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nicholas Van Dyke | Federalist | — | — | Elected |
| William Hill Wells | Federalist | — | — | — |
| James Tilton | Democratic-Republican | — | — | — |
Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected January 31, 1817 on the third ballot. Federalist hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Nicholas Van Dyke (Federalist) 14
▌William Hill Wells (Federalist) 11
▌James Tilton (Democratic-Republican) 1
Sources & further reading
Georgia — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| George M. Troup | Democratic-Republican | — | — | Elected |
| [FNU] Clark | Unknown | — | — | — |
| [FNU] Spalding | Unknown | — | — | — |
Resigned November 9, 1816. New senator elected November 13, 1816 on the second ballot. Winner was also elected to finish the previous term; see above. Democratic-Republican hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y George M. Troup (Democratic-Republican) 62
▌[FNU] Clark (Unknown) 49
▌[FNU] Spalding (Unknown) 6
Sources & further reading
Georgia — Senate (Class 2) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| George M. Troup | Democratic-Republican | — | — | Elected |
| [FNU] Clark | Unknown | — | — | — |
| [FNU] Spalding | Unknown | — | — | — |
Incumbent resigned November 9, 1816. New senator elected November 13, 1816. Democratic-Republican hold. Winner was also elected to the next term; see below. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y George M. Troup (Democratic-Republican) 62
▌[FNU] Clark (Unknown) 49
▌[FNU] Spalding (Unknown) 6
Sources & further reading
Indiana — Senate (Class 1) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| James Noble | Democratic-Republican | — | — | Elected |
| Waller Taylor | Democratic-Republican | — | — | — |
| James Scott | Unknown | — | — | — |
| Jesse L. Holman | Unknown | — | — | — |
| Ezra Ferris | Unknown | — | — | — |
| Davis Floyd | Democratic-Republican | — | — | — |
| Walter Wilson | Unknown | — | — | — |
| Elias MacNamee | Unknown | — | — | — |
Indiana was admitted to the Union December 11, 1816. New senator elected November 8, 1816. Democratic-Republican gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y James Noble (Democratic-Republican) 26
▌Y Waller Taylor (Democratic-Republican) 20
▌James Scott (Unknown) 16
▌Jesse L. Holman (Unknown) 3
▌Ezra Ferris (Unknown) 2
▌Davis Floyd (Democratic-Republican) 2
▌Walter Wilson (Unknown) 2
▌Elias MacNamee (Unknown) 1
Sources & further reading
Indiana — Senate (Class 3) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| James Noble | Democratic-Republican | — | — | — |
| Waller Taylor | Democratic-Republican | — | — | Elected |
| James Scott | Unknown | — | — | — |
| Jesse L. Holman | Unknown | — | — | — |
| Ezra Ferris | Unknown | — | — | — |
| Davis Floyd | Democratic-Republican | — | — | — |
| Walter Wilson | Unknown | — | — | — |
| Elias MacNamee | Unknown | — | — | — |
Indiana was admitted to the Union December 11, 1816. New senator elected November 8, 1816. Democratic-Republican gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y James Noble (Democratic-Republican) 26
▌Y Waller Taylor (Democratic-Republican) 20
▌James Scott (Unknown) 16
▌Jesse L. Holman (Unknown) 3
▌Ezra Ferris (Unknown) 2
▌Davis Floyd (Democratic-Republican) 2
▌Walter Wilson (Unknown) 2
▌Elias MacNamee (Unknown) 1
Sources & further reading
Kentucky — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| John J. Crittenden | Democratic-Republican | — | — | Elected |
| John Adair | Federalist | — | — | — |
Incumbent retired. New senator elected December 10, 1816 on the second ballot. Democratic-Republican gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y John J. Crittenden (Democratic-Republican) 72
▌John Adair (Federalist) 47
Sources & further reading
Kentucky — Senate (Class 2) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Martin D. Hardin | Democratic-Republican | — | — | Elected |
| Samuel H. Woodson | Democratic-Republican | — | — | — |
| Norborn B. Beall | Democratic-Republican | — | — | — |
| Matthew Lyon | Democratic-Republican | — | — | — |
Incumbent appointee elected December 5, 1816. Winner was not later a candidate for the next term; see below. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Martin D. Hardin (Democratic-Republican) 74
▌Samuel H. Woodson (Democratic-Republican) 31
▌Norborn B. Beall (Democratic-Republican) 12
▌Matthew Lyon (Democratic-Republican) 2
Sources & further reading
Louisiana — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| William C. C. Claiborne | Democratic-Republican | — | — | Elected |
| James Brown | Democratic-Republican | — | — | — |
Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected in 1817. Democratic-Republican hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y William C. C. Claiborne (Democratic-Republican) 27
▌James Brown (Democratic-Republican) 22
Blank 1
Sources & further reading
Maryland — Senate (Class 1) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Robert Harper | Federalist | — | — | Elected |
| John T. Mason | Democratic-Republican | — | — | — |
The Maryland General Assembly failed to elect in time for the March 4, 1815 beginning of the term. New senator elected January 29, 1816. Federalist gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Robert Harper (Federalist) 45
▌John T. Mason (Democratic-Republican) 44
Sources & further reading
Maryland — Senate (Class 1) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alexander C. Hanson | Federalist | — | — | Elected |
| William H. Winder | Federalist | — | — | — |
| Scattering | Federalist | — | — | — |
Incumbent resigned December 6, 1816. New senator elected December 20, 1816. Federalist hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Alexander C. Hanson (Federalist) 46
▌William H. Winder (Federalist) 39
▌Scattering (Federalist) 3
Sources & further reading
Massachusetts — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Harrison Gray Otis | Federalist | — | — | Elected |
| John Holmes | Democratic-Republican | — | — | — |
| Levi Lincoln Jr. | Democratic-Republican | — | — | — |
Incumbent ran for re-election. New senator elected June 12, 1816. Federalist gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Harrison Gray Otis (Federalist) 183
▌John Holmes (Democratic-Republican) 130
▌Levi Lincoln Jr. (Democratic-Republican) 6
Scattering 5
Sources & further reading
Massachusetts — Senate (Class 1) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eli P. Ashmun | Federalist | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent resigned May 30, 1816, unhappy with the politics of Washington and suffering from poor health. New senator elected June 12, 1816. Federalist hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Eli P. Ashmun (Federalist) 158
Scattering 137
Sources & further reading
Mississippi — Senate (Class 1) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Walter Leake | Democratic-Republican | — | — | Elected |
| Christopher Rankin | Democratic-Republican | — | — | — |
| Cowles Mead | Democratic-Republican | — | — | — |
| Thomas H. Williams | Democratic-Republican | — | — | — |
Mississippi was admitted as a new state. New senator elected December 10, 1817 on the fifth ballot. Democratic-Republican gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Walter Leake (Democratic-Republican) 15
▌Christopher Rankin (Democratic-Republican) 8
▌Cowles Mead (Democratic-Republican) 5
▌Thomas H. Williams (Democratic-Republican) 1
Sources & further reading
Mississippi — Senate (Class 2) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thomas H. Williams | Democratic-Republican | — | — | Elected |
| Cowles Mead | Democratic-Republican | — | — | — |
| Christopher Rankin | Democratic-Republican | — | — | — |
Mississippi was admitted as a new state. New senator elected December 10, 1817 on the fourth ballot. Democratic-Republican gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Thomas H. Williams (Democratic-Republican) 16
▌Cowles Mead (Democratic-Republican) 12
▌Christopher Rankin (Democratic-Republican) 1
Sources & further reading
New Hampshire — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| David L. Morrill | Democratic-Republican | — | — | Elected |
| John F. Parrott | Democratic-Republican | — | — | — |
Unknown if incumbent ran for re-election. New senator elected in 1816 on the third ballot. Democratic-Republican gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y David L. Morrill (Democratic-Republican) 92
▌John F. Parrott (Democratic-Republican) 86
Scattering 5
Sources & further reading
New Hampshire — Senate (Class 3) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clement Storer | Democratic-Republican | — | — | Elected |
| Jeremiah Smith | Federalist | — | — | — |
Incumbent resigned June 16, 1817. New senator elected June 27, 1817 on the thirteenth ballot. Democratic-Republican gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Clement Storer (Democratic-Republican)
▌Jeremiah Smith (Federalist)
Sources & further reading
New Jersey — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mahlon Dickerson | Democratic-Republican | — | — | Elected |
New senator elected January 23, 1817. Democratic-Republican hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Mahlon Dickerson (Democratic-Republican)
Unopposed
Sources & further reading
North Carolina — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Montfort Stokes | Democratic-Republican | — | — | Elected |
| Bartlett Yancey | Democratic-Republican | — | — | — |
Resigned November 21, 1816 due to ill health. New senator elected December 4, 1816 on the second ballot. Winner was also elected to finish the previous term; see above. Democratic-Republican hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Montfort Stokes (Democratic-Republican) 96
▌Bartlett Yancey (Democratic-Republican) 91
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
North Carolina — Senate (Class 2) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Montfort Stokes | Democratic-Republican | — | — | Elected |
| John Branch | Democratic-Republican | — | — | — |
Incumbent resigned November 21, 1816 due to ill health. New senator elected December 4, 1816 on the third ballot. Democratic-Republican hold. Winner was also elected to the next term; see below. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Montfort Stokes (Democratic-Republican) 98
▌John Branch (Democratic-Republican) 87
Sources & further reading
Rhode Island — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| James Burrill Jr. | Federalist | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent retired. New senator elected June 21, 1816. Federalist gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y James Burrill Jr. (Federalist) Unanimous
Sources & further reading
South Carolina — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| William Smith | Democratic-Republican | — | — | Elected |
| James R. Pringle | Unknown | — | — | — |
Incumbent resigned November 1816. New senator elected December 4, 1816. Winner was also elected to the previous term, see above. Democratic-Republican hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y William Smith (Democratic-Republican) 101
▌James R. Pringle (Unknown) 51
Sources & further reading
South Carolina — Senate (Class 2) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| William Smith | Democratic-Republican | — | — | Elected |
| James R. Pringle | Unknown | — | — | — |
Incumbent resigned November 1816. New senator elected December 4, 1816. Democratic-Republican hold. Winner was also elected to the next term; see below. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y William Smith (Democratic-Republican) 101
▌James R. Pringle (Unknown) 51
Sources & further reading
Tennessee — Senate (Class 2) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| John Williams | Democratic-Republican | — | — | Elected |
Legislature had failed to elect and the incumbent was then appointed to start the term. Interim appointee was re-elected October 2, 1817 to finish the term. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y John Williams (Democratic-Republican) 51
Unopposed
Sources & further reading
Vermont — Senate (Class 3) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| James Fisk | Democratic-Republican | — | — | Elected |
Resigned November 3, 1817. New senator elected November 4, 1817. Democratic-Republican hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y James Fisk (Democratic-Republican)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Virginia — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| John W. Eppes | Democratic-Republican | — | — | Elected |
| John Mercer | Democratic-Republican | — | — | — |
Unknown if incumbent ran for re-election, but he was an unsuccessful candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives. New senator elected December 9, 1816. Democratic-Republican hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y John W. Eppes (Democratic-Republican) 103
▌John Mercer (Democratic-Republican) 93
Sources & further reading
Virginia — Senate (Class 2) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Armistead T. Mason | Democratic-Republican | — | — | Elected |
William B. Giles (DR) resigned March 3, 1815. John Wayles Eppes (DR) was elected December 7, 1815, but declined to serve. New senator elected January 3, 1816 on the fourth ballot despite being too young to serve. Democratic-Republican gain. Winner later lost re-election to the next term; see below. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Armistead T. Mason (Democratic-Republican) 128
Scattering 33
Sources & further reading
Results: final · partial coverage · Elected candidates in regular races; continuing senators are not included
| Party / candidate | Votes | Vote share | Seats | Electoral votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nicholas Van Dyke · Delaware | — | — | 1 | — |
| George M. Troup · Georgia | — | — | 1 | — |
| John J. Crittenden · Kentucky | — | — | 1 | — |
| William C. C. Claiborne · Louisiana | — | — | 1 | — |
| Harrison Gray Otis · Massachusetts | — | — | 1 | — |
| David L. Morrill · New Hampshire | — | — | 1 | — |
| Mahlon Dickerson · New Jersey | — | — | 1 | — |
| Montfort Stokes · North Carolina | — | — | 1 | — |
| James Burrill Jr. · Rhode Island | — | — | 1 | — |
| William Smith · South Carolina | — | — | 1 | — |
| John W. Eppes · Virginia | — | — | 1 | — |
The seat diagram shows only regular seats contested in this cycle, not the full Senate. Special races remain available in the state selector. Early cycles span two years and use legislative selection; missing or non-comparable vote totals are left blank. Candidate ideology is used where sourced; otherwise the broad election-era party tradition is used. Unassessed candidates are not assigned an ideology.
Sources & further reading
U.S. Senate historical party divisions