Senate
United States elections · 1840 · held
State Senate races in this election cycle, with separate candidate results and election-era ideology attribution.
State races and results map
Each race has its own denominator. Missing counts are blank. The interactive map uses modern state outlines as navigation references.
Alabama — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| William R. King | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
| John Gayle | Whig | — | — | — |
Incumbent re-elected November 17, 1840. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y William R. King (Democratic) 72
▌John Gayle (Whig) 55
Sources & further reading
Alabama — Senate (Class 3) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arthur P. Bagby | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
| David Moore | Unknown | — | — | — |
| David Hubbard | Democratic | — | — | — |
| Jack Shackelford | Unknown | — | — | — |
Incumbent resigned November 15, 1841. New senator elected November 24, 1841 on the second ballot. Democratic hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Arthur P. Bagby (Democratic) 66
▌David Moore (Unknown) 59
▌David Hubbard (Democratic) 3
▌Jack Shackelford (Unknown) 1
Sources & further reading
Arkansas — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| William S. Fulton | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent re-elected in 1840. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y William S. Fulton (Democratic)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Connecticut — Senate (Class 1) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jabez W. Huntington | Whig | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent died April 7, 1840. New senator elected May 20, 1840. Whig hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Jabez W. Huntington (Whig)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Delaware — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thomas Clayton | Whig | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent re-elected January 12, 1841. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Thomas Clayton (Whig) 27
Blank 1
Sources & further reading
Delaware — Senate (Class 1) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Richard H. Bayard | Whig | — | — | Elected |
| William D. Waples | Whig | — | — | — |
| James Booth Jr. | Unknown | — | — | — |
Incumbent resigned September 19, 1839, to become Chief Justice of the Delaware Supreme Court. New senator elected January 12, 1841 to his former position. Whig hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Richard H. Bayard (Whig) 15
▌William D. Waples (Whig) 9
▌James Booth Jr. (Unknown) 4
Sources & further reading
Georgia — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| John M. Berrien | Whig | — | — | Elected |
Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election. New senator elected December 4, 1840. Whig gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y John M. Berrien (Whig)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Illinois — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Samuel McRoberts | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
| Cyrus Edwards | Whig | — | — | — |
| Edward D. Baker | Whig | — | — | — |
Incumbent retired. New senator elected December 16, 1840. Democratic hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Samuel McRoberts (Democratic) 77
▌Cyrus Edwards (Whig) 50
▌Edward D. Baker (Whig) 1
Sources & further reading
Kentucky — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| James T. Morehead | Whig | — | — | Elected |
| Joseph R. Underwood | Whig | — | — | — |
Incumbent retired. New senator elected February 18, 1841 on the twenty-first ballot. Whig hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y James T. Morehead (Whig) 72
▌Joseph R. Underwood (Whig) 61
Sources & further reading
Louisiana — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alexander Barrow | Whig | — | — | Elected |
Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election. New senator elected in 1840. Whig gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Alexander Barrow (Whig)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Maine — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| George Evans | Whig | — | — | Elected |
| John Fairfield | Democratic | — | — | — |
| Hannibal Hamlin | Democratic | — | — | — |
| John S. Tenney | Unknown | — | — | — |
| Richard H. Vose | Whig | — | — | — |
Incumbent retired. New senator elected January 28, 1841. Whig gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y George Evans (Whig) 108
▌John Fairfield (Democratic) 89
▌Hannibal Hamlin (Democratic) 1
▌John S. Tenney (Unknown) 1
▌Richard H. Vose (Whig) 1
Sources & further reading
Maryland — Senate (Class 3) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| John L. Kerr | Whig | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent died October 24, 1840. New senator elected January 5, 1841. Whig hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y John L. Kerr (Whig)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Massachusetts — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Isaac C. Bates | Whig | — | — | Elected |
Sen. John Davis (W) resigned January 5, 1841, after being elected Governor of Massachusetts. New senator elected January 13, 1841. Whig hold. Winner also elected the same day to finish the current term, see above. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Isaac C. Bates (Whig)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Massachusetts — Senate (Class 2) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Isaac C. Bates | Whig | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent resigned January 5, 1841, after being elected Governor of Massachusetts. New senator elected January 13, 1841. Whig hold. Winner also elected the same day to the next term; see below. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Isaac C. Bates (Whig)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Massachusetts — Senate (Class 1) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rufus Choate | Whig | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent resigned February 22, 1841, to become U.S. Secretary of State. New senator elected February 23, 1841. Whig hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Rufus Choate (Whig)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Michigan — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| William Woodbridge | Whig | — | — | Elected |
| J. Wright Gordon | Whig | — | — | — |
| James L. Conger | Whig | — | — | — |
| William H. Welch | Unknown | — | — | — |
Incumbent retired. New senator elected February 3, 1841. Whig gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y William Woodbridge (Whig) 36
▌J. Wright Gordon (Whig) 26
▌James L. Conger (Whig) 1
▌William H. Welch (Unknown) 1
Sources & further reading
Michigan — Senate (Class 1) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Augustus S. Porter | Whig | — | — | Elected |
| Epaphroditus Ransom | Democratic | — | — | — |
| Ross Wilkins | Unknown | — | — | — |
| John Biddle | Whig | — | — | — |
| Abraham Edwards | Democratic | — | — | — |
| Zina Pitcher | Whig | — | — | — |
Incumbent Lucius Lyon (D) retired, his term expired, and the legislature failed to elect a successor. New senator elected January 20, 1840. Whig gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Augustus S. Porter (Whig) 40
▌Epaphroditus Ransom (Democratic) 14
▌Ross Wilkins (Unknown) 4
▌John Biddle (Whig) 3
▌Abraham Edwards (Democratic) 3
▌Zina Pitcher (Whig) 1
Sources & further reading
Mississippi — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Robert J. Walker | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent re-elected in 1841. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Robert J. Walker (Democratic)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
New Hampshire — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Levi Woodbury | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent retired to run for New Hampshire Governor. New senator elected December 2, 1840. Democratic hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Levi Woodbury (Democratic)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
New Jersey — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jacob W. Miller | Whig | — | — | Elected |
| Garret D. Wall | Democratic | — | — | — |
Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected February 19, 1841. Whig gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Jacob W. Miller (Whig) 46
▌Garret D. Wall (Democratic) 16
Sources & further reading
New York — Senate (Class 1) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nathaniel P. Tallmadge | Whig | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent Nathaniel P. Tallmadge's (D) term expired and the legislature failed to elect a successor. Incumbent re-elected January 27, 1840 to his former position as a Whig. Whig gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Nathaniel P. Tallmadge (Whig)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
North Carolina — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Willie P. Mangum | Whig | — | — | Elected |
| Bedford Brown | Democratic | — | — | — |
Sen. Bedford Brown (D) resigned November 16, 1840, because he could not obey instructions of the North Carolina General Assembly. New senator elected November 24, 1840. Whig gain. Winner also elected the same day to finish the current term; see above. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Willie P. Mangum (Whig) 99
▌Bedford Brown (Democratic) 65
Sources & further reading
North Carolina — Senate (Class 2) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Willie P. Mangum | Whig | — | — | Elected |
| Bedford Brown | Democratic | — | — | — |
| William H. Haywood Jr. | Democratic | — | — | — |
| Romulus M. Saunders | Democratic | — | — | — |
| Weldon N. Edwards | Unknown | — | — | — |
| James Kerr | Unknown | — | — | — |
Incumbent resigned November 16, 1840, because he could not obey instructions of the North Carolina General Assembly. New senator elected November 25, 1840. Whig gain. Winner also elected the same day to the next term; see below. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Willie P. Mangum (Whig) 98
▌Bedford Brown (Democratic) 57
▌William H. Haywood Jr. (Democratic) 2
▌Romulus M. Saunders (Democratic) 2
▌Weldon N. Edwards (Unknown) 1
▌James Kerr (Unknown) 1
Sources & further reading
North Carolina — Senate (Class 3) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| William A. Graham | Whig | — | — | Elected |
| Robert Strange | Democratic | — | — | — |
Incumbent resigned November 16, 1840, because he could not obey instructions of the North Carolina General Assembly. New senator elected November 25, 1840. Whig gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y William A. Graham (Whig) 98
▌Robert Strange (Democratic) 64
Sources & further reading
Pennsylvania — Senate (Class 1) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daniel Sturgeon | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
| Charles Ogle | Whig | — | — | — |
| Richard Biddle | Anti-Masonic | — | — | — |
Incumbent Samuel McKean's (D) term expired and the legislature failed to elect a successor. New senator elected January 14, 1840. Democratic hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Daniel Sturgeon (Democratic) 87
▌Charles Ogle (Whig) 26
▌Richard Biddle (Anti-Masonic) 17
Not voting 3
Sources & further reading
Rhode Island — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| James F. Simmons | Whig | — | — | Elected |
| Samuel Y. Atwell | Democratic | — | — | — |
| Tristram Burges | Whig | — | — | — |
Incumbent retired. New senator elected October 29, 1840. Whig hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y James F. Simmons (Whig) 55
▌Samuel Y. Atwell (Democratic) 24
▌Tristram Burges (Whig) 2
Sources & further reading
South Carolina — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| John C. Calhoun | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent re-elected November 30, 1840. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y John C. Calhoun (Democratic)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Tennessee — Senate (Class 2) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alexander O. Anderson | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
| Hugh Lawson White | Whig | — | — | — |
| William Trousdale | Democratic | — | — | — |
| [FNU] Fulton | Unknown | — | — | — |
Incumbent resigned January 13, 1840, after refusing to vote for the Subtreasury Bill as demanded by the Tennessee legislature. New senator elected January 27, 1840. Democratic gain. Winner was not elected to the next term; see below. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Alexander O. Anderson (Democratic) 49
▌Hugh Lawson White (Whig) 42
▌William Trousdale (Democratic) 3
▌[FNU] Fulton (Unknown) 3
Sources & further reading
Virginia — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| William S. Archer | Whig | — | — | Elected |
| William H. Roane | Democratic | — | — | — |
| John Robertson | Whig | — | — | — |
| Thomas W. Gilmer | Whig | — | — | — |
| James W. Pegram | Whig | — | — | — |
| James C. Bruce | Unknown | — | — | — |
Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected March 3, 1841 on the second ballot. Whig gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y William S. Archer (Whig) 82
▌William H. Roane (Democratic) 50
▌John Robertson (Whig) 12
▌Thomas W. Gilmer (Whig) 7
▌James W. Pegram (Whig) 2
▌James C. Bruce (Unknown) 1
Scattering 9
Sources & further reading
Virginia — Senate (Class 1) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| William C. Rives | Whig | — | — | Elected |
| John Y. Mason | Democratic | — | — | — |
| James McDowell | Democratic | — | — | — |
Incumbent William C. Rives's (D) term expired and the legislature failed to elect a successor. Incumbent re-elected January 18, 1841 to his former position as a Whig. Whig gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y William C. Rives (Whig) 85
▌John Y. Mason (Democratic) 46
▌James McDowell (Democratic) 30
Scattering 3
Sources & further reading
Results: final · partial coverage · Elected candidates in regular races; continuing senators are not included
| Party / candidate | Votes | Vote share | Seats | Electoral votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| William R. King · Alabama | — | — | 1 | — |
| William S. Fulton · Arkansas | — | — | 1 | — |
| Thomas Clayton · Delaware | — | — | 1 | — |
| John M. Berrien · Georgia | — | — | 1 | — |
| Samuel McRoberts · Illinois | — | — | 1 | — |
| James T. Morehead · Kentucky | — | — | 1 | — |
| Alexander Barrow · Louisiana | — | — | 1 | — |
| George Evans · Maine | — | — | 1 | — |
| Isaac C. Bates · Massachusetts | — | — | 1 | — |
| William Woodbridge · Michigan | — | — | 1 | — |
| Robert J. Walker · Mississippi | — | — | 1 | — |
| Levi Woodbury · New Hampshire | — | — | 1 | — |
| Jacob W. Miller · New Jersey | — | — | 1 | — |
| Willie P. Mangum · North Carolina | — | — | 1 | — |
| James F. Simmons · Rhode Island | — | — | 1 | — |
| John C. Calhoun · South Carolina | — | — | 1 | — |
| William S. Archer · Virginia | — | — | 1 | — |
The seat diagram shows only regular seats contested in this cycle, not the full Senate. Special races remain available in the state selector. Early cycles span two years and use legislative selection; missing or non-comparable vote totals are left blank. Candidate ideology is used where sourced; otherwise the broad election-era party tradition is used. Unassessed candidates are not assigned an ideology.
Sources & further reading
U.S. Senate historical party divisions