Senate
United States elections · 1844 · held
State Senate races in this election cycle, with separate candidate results and election-era ideology attribution.
State races and results map
Each race has its own denominator. Missing counts are blank. The interactive map uses modern state outlines as navigation references.
Alabama — Senate (Class 2) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dixon H. Lewis | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
| Arthur F. Hopkins | Whig | — | — | — |
Interim appointee elected December 7, 1844. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Dixon H. Lewis (Democratic) 85
▌Arthur F. Hopkins (Whig) 42
Sources & further reading
Arkansas — Senate (Class 2) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chester Ashley | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent died August 15, 1844. New senator elected November 8, 1844. Democratic hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Chester Ashley (Democratic)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Connecticut — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jabez W. Huntington | Whig | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent re-elected in 1844 or 1845. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Jabez W. Huntington (Whig)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Delaware — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| John M. Clayton | Whig | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent retired. New senator elected in 1845. Whig hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y John M. Clayton (Whig)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Florida — Senate (Class 1) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| David Levy Yulee | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
Florida was admitted March 3, 1845. Its first senators were elected July 1, 1845. Democratic gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y David Levy Yulee (Democratic)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Florida — Senate (Class 3) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| James Westcott | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
Florida was admitted March 3, 1845. Its first senators were elected July 1, 1845. Democratic gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y James Westcott (Democratic)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Georgia — Senate (Class 2) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| John M. Berrien | Whig | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent resigned in May 1845 to become judge of the Supreme Court of Georgia. He did not remain on the court, and was re-elected November 13, 1845. Whig hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y John M. Berrien (Whig)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Illinois — Senate (Class 2) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| James Semple | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
| John J. Hardin | Whig | — | — | — |
Interim appointee elected December 11, 1844. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y James Semple (Democratic) 102
▌John J. Hardin (Whig) 47
Sources & further reading
Indiana — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jesse D. Bright | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent retired. New senator elected in 1844. Democratic gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Jesse D. Bright (Democratic)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Louisiana — Senate (Class 3) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Henry Johnson | Whig | — | — | Elected |
| Joseph Marshall Walker | Democratic | — | — | — |
Incumbent died January 13, 1844. New senator elected January 29, 1844 on the second ballot. Whig hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Henry Johnson (Whig) 39
▌Joseph Marshall Walker (Democratic) 36
Blank 2
Sources & further reading
Maine — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| John Fairfield | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent re-elected in 1844 or 1845. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y John Fairfield (Democratic)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Maryland — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reverdy Johnson | Whig | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent retired. New senator elected in 1844 or 1845. Whig hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Reverdy Johnson (Whig)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Massachusetts — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daniel Webster | Whig | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent retired. New senator elected in 1845. Whig hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Daniel Webster (Whig)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Massachusetts — Senate (Class 2) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| John Davis | Whig | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent died March 16, 1845. New senator elected March 24, 1845. Whig hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y John Davis (Whig)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Michigan — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lewis Cass | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent retired. New senator elected in 1844 or 1845. Democratic gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Lewis Cass (Democratic)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Mississippi — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jesse Speight | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
Unknown if incumbent retired or lost. New senator elected in 1844. Democratic gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Jesse Speight (Democratic)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Missouri — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thomas H. Benton | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
| Thomas B. English | Unknown | — | — | — |
| Abiel Leonard | Whig | — | — | — |
| Alexander W. Doniphan | Unknown | — | — | — |
| William M. Campbell | Unknown | — | — | — |
| Henry S. Geyer | Whig | — | — | — |
| John G. Miller | Whig | — | — | — |
| Thomas L. Anderson | Whig | — | — | — |
| Edward Bates | Whig | — | — | — |
| Frederick Hyatt | Unknown | — | — | — |
| Trusten Polk | Democratic | — | — | — |
| Rio Santo | Unknown | — | — | — |
| Fleming Saunders | Unknown | — | — | — |
| Richard Roe | Unknown | — | — | — |
Incumbent re-elected November 20, 1844. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Thomas H. Benton (Democratic) 74
▌Thomas B. English (Unknown) 32
▌Abiel Leonard (Whig) 7
▌Alexander W. Doniphan (Unknown) 4
▌William M. Campbell (Unknown) 3
▌Henry S. Geyer (Whig) 2
▌John G. Miller (Whig) 2
▌Thomas L. Anderson (Whig) 1
▌Edward Bates (Whig) 1
▌Frederick Hyatt (Unknown) 1
▌Trusten Polk (Democratic) 1
▌Rio Santo (Unknown) 1
▌Fleming Saunders (Unknown) 1
▌Richard Roe (Unknown) 1
Sources & further reading
Missouri — Senate (Class 3) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| David Rice Atchison | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
| Henry S. Geyer | Whig | — | — | — |
| [FNU] Leonard | Unknown | — | — | — |
| [FNU] Biggs | Unknown | — | — | — |
| Sinclair Kirtley | Unknown | — | — | — |
| John Scott | Whig | — | — | — |
| Uriel Wright | Whig | — | — | — |
Interim appointee elected November 20, 1844. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y David Rice Atchison (Democratic) 101
▌Henry S. Geyer (Whig) 17
▌[FNU] Leonard (Unknown) 9
▌[FNU] Biggs (Unknown) 1
▌Sinclair Kirtley (Unknown) 1
▌John Scott (Whig) 1
▌Uriel Wright (Whig) 1
Sources & further reading
New Jersey — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| William L. Dayton | Whig | — | — | Elected |
| John R. Thomson | Democratic | — | — | — |
| Elias Van Arsdale, Sr. | Democratic | — | — | — |
Incumbent re-elected in 1845. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y William L. Dayton (Whig) 46
▌John R. Thomson (Democratic) 10
▌Elias Van Arsdale, Sr. (Democratic) 8
Sources & further reading
New York — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daniel S. Dickinson | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
| John C. Clark | Whig | — | — | — |
Incumbent re-elected February 4, 1845. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Daniel S. Dickinson (Democratic) 25
▌John C. Clark (Whig) 4
Sources & further reading
New York — Senate (Class 1) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daniel S. Dickinson | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
| Millard Fillmore | Whig | — | — | — |
| Jonathan Thompson | American Republican | — | — | — |
Interim appointee elected January 18, 1845. Winner later elected to the next term; see below. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Daniel S. Dickinson (Democratic) 27
▌Millard Fillmore (Whig) 3
▌Jonathan Thompson (American Republican) 1
Sources & further reading
New York — Senate (Class 3) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| John Adams Dix | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
| Willis Hall | Whig | — | — | — |
| Harman B. Cropsey | American Republican | — | — | — |
Interim appointee retired or lost election. New senator elected January 18, 1845. Democratic hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y John Adams Dix (Democratic) 27
▌Willis Hall (Whig) 3
▌Harman B. Cropsey (American Republican) 1
Sources & further reading
Ohio — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thomas Corwin | Whig | — | — | Elected |
| David T. Disney | Democratic | — | — | — |
| Ebenezer Lane | Unknown | — | — | — |
Incumbent retired. New senator elected December 5, 1844. Whig gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Thomas Corwin (Whig) 60
▌David T. Disney (Democratic) 46
▌Ebenezer Lane (Unknown) 1
Sources & further reading
Pennsylvania — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daniel Sturgeon | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
| James Cooper | Whig | — | — | — |
| John Ashmead | Know Nothing | — | — | — |
| E. W. Keyser | Know Nothing | — | — | — |
| Jacob Broom | Know Nothing | — | — | — |
| E. C. Reigert | Know Nothing | — | — | — |
| John Sergeant | Whig | — | — | — |
Incumbent re-elected January 14, 1845. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Daniel Sturgeon (Democratic) 72
▌James Cooper (Whig) 49
▌John Ashmead (Know Nothing) 5
▌E. W. Keyser (Know Nothing) 2
▌Jacob Broom (Know Nothing) 1
▌E. C. Reigert (Know Nothing) 1
▌John Sergeant (Whig) 1
Not voting 2
Sources & further reading
Pennsylvania — Senate (Class 3) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simon Cameron | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
| George W. Woodward | Democratic | — | — | — |
| J. R. Ingersoll | Whig | — | — | — |
| John Banks | Whig | — | — | — |
| Peter A. Brown | Know Nothing | — | — | — |
| Thomas S. Bell | Unknown | — | — | — |
| T. D. Cochran | Whig | — | — | — |
Incumbent resigned March 5, 1845, to become U.S. Secretary of State. New senator elected March 13, 1845. Democratic hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Simon Cameron (Democratic) 50.38%
▌George W. Woodward (Democratic) 41.35%
▌J. R. Ingersoll (Whig) 1.50%
▌John Banks (Whig) 0.75%
▌Peter A. Brown (Know Nothing) 0.75%
▌Thomas S. Bell (Unknown) 0.75%
▌T. D. Cochran (Whig) 0.75%
Not voting 3.76%
Sources & further reading
Rhode Island — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albert C. Greene | Whig | — | — | Elected |
| Lemuel H. Arnold | Whig | — | — | — |
| Olney Ballou | Democratic | — | — | — |
| John H. Clarke | Whig | — | — | — |
| S.F. Man | Unknown | — | — | — |
Incumbent retired. New senator January 15, 1845 on the second ballot. Whig gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Albert C. Greene (Whig) 52
▌Lemuel H. Arnold (Whig) 25
▌Olney Ballou (Democratic) 18
▌John H. Clarke (Whig) 4
▌S.F. Man (Unknown) 1
Sources & further reading
Rhode Island — Senate (Class 1) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| John B. Francis | Law and Order | — | — | Elected |
| Christopher Spencer | Liberation | — | — | — |
Incumbent resigned January 17, 1844. New senator elected January 25, 1844. Law and Order gain. Winner was not a candidate for the next term; see below. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y John B. Francis (Law and Order) 67
▌ Christopher Spencer (Liberation) 26
Sources & further reading
South Carolina — Senate (Class 2) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| John C. Calhoun | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent Daniel E. Huger (D) had resigned in the previous Congress. New senator was elected November 26, 1845. Democratic hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y John C. Calhoun (Democratic)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Tennessee — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|
Incumbent retired. Legislature failed to elect. Whig loss. Source candidate / selection detail: [data missing]
Sources & further reading
Tennessee — Senate (Class 1) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hopkins L. Turney | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
| William C. Dunlap | Unknown | — | — | — |
Legislature had failed to elect. New senator elected late October 25, 1845 on the fourteenth ballot. Democratic gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Hopkins L. Turney (Democratic) 53
▌William C. Dunlap (Unknown) 46
Sources & further reading
Vermont — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Samuel S. Phelps | Whig | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent re-elected in 1845. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Samuel S. Phelps (Whig)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Virginia — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|
Legislature failed to elect. Whig loss. Source candidate / selection detail: [data missing]
Sources & further reading
Virginia — Senate (Class 1) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Isaac S. Pennybacker | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
Legislature had failed to elect. New senator elected late December 3, 1845. Democratic gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Isaac S. Pennybacker (Democratic)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Results: final · partial coverage · Elected candidates in regular races; continuing senators are not included
| Party / candidate | Votes | Vote share | Seats | Electoral votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jabez W. Huntington · Connecticut | — | — | 1 | — |
| John M. Clayton · Delaware | — | — | 1 | — |
| Jesse D. Bright · Indiana | — | — | 1 | — |
| John Fairfield · Maine | — | — | 1 | — |
| Reverdy Johnson · Maryland | — | — | 1 | — |
| Daniel Webster · Massachusetts | — | — | 1 | — |
| Lewis Cass · Michigan | — | — | 1 | — |
| Jesse Speight · Mississippi | — | — | 1 | — |
| Thomas H. Benton · Missouri | — | — | 1 | — |
| William L. Dayton · New Jersey | — | — | 1 | — |
| Daniel S. Dickinson · New York | — | — | 1 | — |
| Thomas Corwin · Ohio | — | — | 1 | — |
| Daniel Sturgeon · Pennsylvania | — | — | 1 | — |
| Albert C. Greene · Rhode Island | — | — | 1 | — |
| Samuel S. Phelps · Vermont | — | — | 1 | — |
The seat diagram shows only regular seats contested in this cycle, not the full Senate. Special races remain available in the state selector. Early cycles span two years and use legislative selection; missing or non-comparable vote totals are left blank. Candidate ideology is used where sourced; otherwise the broad election-era party tradition is used. Unassessed candidates are not assigned an ideology.
Sources & further reading
U.S. Senate historical party divisions