Senate
United States elections · 1848 · held
State Senate races in this election cycle, with separate candidate results and election-era ideology attribution.
State races and results map
Each race has its own denominator. Missing counts are blank. The interactive map uses modern state outlines as navigation references.
Alabama — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| William R. King | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent re-elected in 1848 or 1849. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y William R. King (Democratic)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Alabama — Senate (Class 3) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| William R. King | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent resigned June 16, 1848 to become U.S. Minister to Russia. New senator elected July 1, 1848. Democratic hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y William R. King (Democratic)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Alabama — Senate (Class 2) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jeremiah Clemens | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
Interim appointee retired when successor elected or lost election to finish the term. New senator elected November 30, 1849. Democratic hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Jeremiah Clemens (Democratic)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Arkansas — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solon Borland | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
| Ambrose Sevier | Democratic | — | — | — |
Incumbent appointee elected to a full term in November 1848. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Solon Borland (Democratic)
▌Ambrose Sevier (Democratic)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Arkansas — Senate (Class 2) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| William K. Sebastian | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
Interim appointee elected November 17, 1848. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y William K. Sebastian (Democratic)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
California — Senate (Class 1) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| John C. Frémont | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
California admitted as a state on September 9, 1850. Senator elected December 20, 1849 and seated upon statehood. Democratic gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y John C. Frémont (Democratic)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
California — Senate (Class 3) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| William M. Gwin | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
California admitted as a state on September 9, 1850. Senator elected December 20, 1849 and seated upon statehood. Democratic gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y William M. Gwin (Democratic)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Connecticut — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Truman Smith | Whig | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent retired. New senator elected in 1848 or 1849. Whig gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Truman Smith (Whig)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Connecticut — Senate (Class 1) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Roger S. Baldwin | Whig | — | — | Elected |
Interim appointee elected in May 1848. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Roger S. Baldwin (Whig)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Delaware — Senate (Class 1) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| John Wales | Whig | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent resigned February 23, 1849 to become U.S. Secretary of State. New senator elected February 23, 1849. Whig hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y John Wales (Whig)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Florida — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jackson Morton | Whig | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent retired. New senator elected in 1848. Whig gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Jackson Morton (Whig)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Georgia — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| William C. Dawson | Whig | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent retired. New senator elected in 1847. Whig gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y William C. Dawson (Whig)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Illinois — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| James Shields | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent lost renomination. New senator elected January 13, 1849. Democratic hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y James Shields (Democratic)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Illinois — Senate (Class 3) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| James Shields | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
Senate voided election March 15, 1849, as incumbent had not been a U.S. citizen long enough as required by the U.S. Constitution. Incumbent was re-elected October 27, 1849, having by then qualified. Democratic hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y James Shields (Democratic)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Indiana — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| James Whitcomb | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent lost renomination. New senator elected in 1848. Democratic hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y James Whitcomb (Democratic)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Iowa — Senate (Class 2) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| George Wallace Jones | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
Iowa was admitted to the Union December 28, 1846. Legislature had failed to elect due to a three-way split that prevented any candidate from earning the required 30 votes. Senator elected December 7, 1848. Democratic gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y George Wallace Jones (Democratic)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Iowa — Senate (Class 3) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Augustus C. Dodge | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
Iowa was admitted to the Union December 28, 1846. Legislature had failed to elect due to a three-way split that prevented any candidate from earning the required 30 votes. Senator elected December 7, 1848. Democratic gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Augustus C. Dodge (Democratic)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Kentucky — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Henry Clay | Whig | — | — | Elected |
| Richard Mentor Johnson | Democratic | — | — | — |
Incumbent retired or lost re-election. New senator elected February 1, 1849. Whig hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Henry Clay (Whig) 93 votes
▌Richard Mentor Johnson (Democratic) 45 votes
Sources & further reading
Kentucky — Senate (Class 3) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thomas Metcalfe | Whig | — | — | Elected |
| Lazarus W. Powell | Democratic | — | — | — |
Interim appointee elected January 3, 1849. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Thomas Metcalfe (Whig) 88 votes
▌ Lazarus W. Powell (Democratic) 38 votes
Sources & further reading
Louisiana — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pierre Soulé | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
| Henry Johnson | Whig | — | — | — |
Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected in 1848. Democratic gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Pierre Soulé (Democratic)
▌Henry Johnson (Whig)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Maine — Senate (Class 1) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hannibal Hamlin Sr. | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
| George Evans Sr. | Whig | — | — | — |
| Freeman Harlow Morse | Whig | — | — | — |
| Luther Severance Sr. | Whig | — | — | — |
| Samuel Fessenden Sr. | Liberty | — | — | — |
Interim appointee retired. New senator elected. Democratic hold. Source candidate / selection detail: First ballot (May 26, 1848)
▌Y Hannibal Hamlin Sr. (Democratic) 92 HTooltip Maine House of Representatives; 23 STooltip Maine Senate
▌George Evans Sr. (Whig) 42 HTooltip Maine House of Representatives; 4 STooltip Maine Senate
▌Freeman Harlow Morse (Whig) 1 HTooltip Maine House of Representatives; 0 STooltip Maine Senate
▌Luther Severance Sr. (Whig) 1 HTooltip Maine House of Representatives; 0 STooltip Maine Senate
▌Samuel Fessenden Sr. (Liberty) 1 HTooltip Maine House of Representatives; 0 STooltip Maine Senate
Sources & further reading
Maryland — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| James Pearce | Whig | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent re-elected in 1849. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y James Pearce (Whig)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Michigan — Senate (Class 1) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lewis Cass | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
Interim appointee retired. New senator elected January 20, 1849, but did not take his seat until March 4, 1849. Democratic hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Lewis Cass (Democratic)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Mississippi — Senate (Class 1) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jefferson Davis | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
Interim appointee elected January 11, 1848. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Jefferson Davis (Democratic)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Missouri — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| David Rice Atchison | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent re-elected in 1849. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y David Rice Atchison (Democratic)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
New Hampshire — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Moses Norris Jr. | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent retired or lost re-election. New senator elected in 1848 or 1849. Democratic hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Moses Norris Jr. (Democratic)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
New York — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| William H. Seward | Whig | — | — | Elected |
| John Adams Dix | Free Soil | — | — | — |
| Reuben H. Walworth | Democratic | — | — | — |
| Daniel D. Barnard | Whig | — | — | — |
Incumbent lost re-election as a Free Soiler. New senator elected February 6, 1849. Whig gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y William H. Seward (Whig)
▌John Adams Dix (Free Soil)
▌Reuben H. Walworth (Democratic)
▌Daniel D. Barnard (Whig)
Sources & further reading
North Carolina — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| George Badger | Whig | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent re-elected in 1849. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y George Badger (Whig)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Ohio — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Salmon P. Chase | Free Soil | — | — | Elected |
| Thomas Ewing | Whig | — | — | — |
| William Allen | Democratic | — | — | — |
| Joshua Reed Giddings | Free Soil | — | — | — |
| Reuben Hitchcock | Unknown | — | — | — |
| Emery D. Potter | Democratic | — | — | — |
| David T. Disney | Democratic | — | — | — |
| John C. Vaughn | Unknown | — | — | — |
Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected in 1849. Free Soil gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Salmon P. Chase (Free Soil)
▌Thomas Ewing (Whig)
▌William Allen (Democratic)
▌Joshua Reed Giddings (Free Soil)
▌Reuben Hitchcock (Unknown)
▌Emery D. Potter (Democratic)
▌David T. Disney (Democratic)
▌John C. Vaughn (Unknown)
Sources & further reading
Pennsylvania — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| James Cooper | Whig | — | — | Elected |
| Richard Brodhead | Democratic | — | — | — |
| Thaddeus Stevens | Free Soil | — | — | — |
Incumbent retired. New senator elected January 10, 1849. Whig gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y James Cooper (Whig) 49.62%
▌Richard Brodhead (Democratic) 46.62%
▌Thaddeus Stevens (Free Soil) 2.26%
Sources & further reading
South Carolina — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Andrew Butler | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent re-elected in 1848. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Andrew Butler (Democratic)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Vermont — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| William Upham | Whig | — | — | Elected |
| Levi Baker Vilas | Democratic | — | — | — |
| Jacob Collamer | Whig | — | — | — |
Incumbent re-elected October 31, 1848. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y William Upham (Whig)
▌ Levi Baker Vilas (Democratic)
▌ Jacob Collamer (Whig)
Sources & further reading
Wisconsin — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Isaac P. Walker | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
| Byron Kilbourn | Free Soil | — | — | — |
| Alexander Botkin | Whig | — | — | — |
| Morgan Lewis Martin | Democratic | — | — | — |
| James Duane Doty | Democratic | — | — | — |
| William S. Hamilton | Whig | — | — | — |
Incumbent re-elected on January 17, 1849. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Isaac P. Walker (Democratic) 52.94%
▌ Byron Kilbourn (Free Soil) 21.18%
▌ Alexander Botkin (Whig) 21.18%
▌ Morgan Lewis Martin (Democratic) 2.35%
▌ James Duane Doty (Democratic) 1.18%
▌ William S. Hamilton (Whig) 1.18%
Sources & further reading
Wisconsin — Senate (Class 1) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Isaac P. Walker | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
| Henry Dodge | Democratic | — | — | — |
| Alexander L. Collins | Whig | — | — | — |
| Edward V. Whiton | Whig | — | — | — |
| John Hubbard Tweedy | Whig | — | — | — |
| William S. Hamilton | Whig | — | — | — |
Wisconsin admitted to the Union May 29, 1848. Senator elected June 8, 1848. Democratic gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Isaac P. Walker (Democratic) 77.22%
▌Y Henry Dodge (Democratic) 75.95%
▌ Alexander L. Collins (Whig) 22.78%
▌ Edward V. Whiton (Whig) 21.52%
▌ John Hubbard Tweedy (Whig) 1.27%
▌ William S. Hamilton (Whig) 1.27%
Sources & further reading
Wisconsin — Senate (Class 3) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Isaac P. Walker | Democratic | — | — | — |
| Henry Dodge | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
| Alexander L. Collins | Whig | — | — | — |
| Edward V. Whiton | Whig | — | — | — |
| John Hubbard Tweedy | Whig | — | — | — |
| William S. Hamilton | Whig | — | — | — |
Wisconsin admitted to the Union May 29, 1848. Senator elected June 8, 1848. Democratic gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Isaac P. Walker (Democratic) 77.22%
▌Y Henry Dodge (Democratic) 75.95%
▌ Alexander L. Collins (Whig) 22.78%
▌ Edward V. Whiton (Whig) 21.52%
▌ John Hubbard Tweedy (Whig) 1.27%
▌ William S. Hamilton (Whig) 1.27%
Sources & further reading
Results: final · partial coverage · Elected candidates in regular races; continuing senators are not included
| Party / candidate | Votes | Vote share | Seats | Electoral votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| William R. King · Alabama | — | — | 1 | — |
| Solon Borland · Arkansas | — | — | 1 | — |
| Truman Smith · Connecticut | — | — | 1 | — |
| Jackson Morton · Florida | — | — | 1 | — |
| William C. Dawson · Georgia | — | — | 1 | — |
| James Shields · Illinois | — | — | 1 | — |
| James Whitcomb · Indiana | — | — | 1 | — |
| Henry Clay · Kentucky | — | — | 1 | — |
| Pierre Soulé · Louisiana | — | — | 1 | — |
| James Pearce · Maryland | — | — | 1 | — |
| David Rice Atchison · Missouri | — | — | 1 | — |
| Moses Norris Jr. · New Hampshire | — | — | 1 | — |
| William H. Seward · New York | — | — | 1 | — |
| George Badger · North Carolina | — | — | 1 | — |
| Salmon P. Chase · Ohio | — | — | 1 | — |
| James Cooper · Pennsylvania | — | — | 1 | — |
| Andrew Butler · South Carolina | — | — | 1 | — |
| William Upham · Vermont | — | — | 1 | — |
| Isaac P. Walker · Wisconsin | — | — | 1 | — |
The seat diagram shows only regular seats contested in this cycle, not the full Senate. Special races remain available in the state selector. Early cycles span two years and use legislative selection; missing or non-comparable vote totals are left blank. Candidate ideology is used where sourced; otherwise the broad election-era party tradition is used. Unassessed candidates are not assigned an ideology.
Sources & further reading
U.S. Senate historical party divisions