Senate
United States elections · 1864 · held
State Senate races in this election cycle, with separate candidate results and election-era ideology attribution.
State races and results map
Each race has its own denominator. Missing counts are blank. The interactive map uses modern state outlines as navigation references.
Alabama — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lewis E. Parsons | Unknown | — | — | Elected |
Seat vacant since March 14, 1861. Winner not seated. Source candidate / selection detail: First ballot (November 28, 1865)
▌Y Lewis E. Parsons (Unknown) 116
Scattering 4
Sources & further reading
Alabama — Senate (Class 3) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| George S. Houston | Unknown | — | — | Elected |
| John Forsyth Jr. | Unknown | — | — | — |
| A. B. Cooper | Unknown | — | — | — |
| Thomas H. Watts | Unknown | — | — | — |
Seat vacant since January 21, 1861. Winner not seated. Source candidate / selection detail: Fourth ballot (November 28, 1865)
▌Y George S. Houston (Unknown) 64
▌John Forsyth Jr. (Unknown) 28
▌A. B. Cooper (Unknown) 18
▌Thomas H. Watts (Unknown) 17
Sources & further reading
Arkansas — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| William D. Snow | Unknown | — | — | Elected |
| Orville Jennings | Unknown | — | — | — |
Seat vacant since July 11, 1861. Winner not seated. Source candidate / selection detail: Third ballot (December 30, 1864)
▌Y William D. Snow (Unknown) 35
▌Orville Jennings (Unknown) 23
Scattering 2
Sources & further reading
Arkansas — Senate (Class 3) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Elisha Baxter | Unknown | — | — | Elected |
| William M. Fishback | Unknown | — | — | — |
| Jesse Shortis | Unknown | — | — | — |
Seat vacant since July 11, 1861. Winner not seated. Source candidate / selection detail: Fourth ballot (May 2, 1864)
▌Y Elisha Baxter (Unknown) 38
▌William M. Fishback (Unknown) 34
▌Jesse Shortis (Unknown) 2
Sources & further reading
Arkansas — Senate (Class 2) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| William M. Fishback | Unknown | — | — | Elected |
| William D. Snow | Unknown | — | — | — |
| Solomon Clark | Unknown | — | — | — |
| L. C. White | Unknown | — | — | — |
| William J. Patton | Unknown | — | — | — |
Seat vacant since July 11, 1861. Winner not seated. Source candidate / selection detail: Twenty-first ballot (May 5, 1864)
▌Y William M. Fishback (Unknown) 41
▌William D. Snow (Unknown) 16
▌Solomon Clark (Unknown) 5
▌L. C. White (Unknown) 5
▌William J. Patton (Unknown) 4
Scattering 2
Sources & further reading
Delaware — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Willard Saulsbury | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
| Edward G. Bradford | Union | — | — | — |
Incumbent re-elected. Source candidate / selection detail: First ballot (January 24, 1865)
▌Y Willard Saulsbury (Democratic) 19
▌Edward G. Bradford (Union) 10
Sources & further reading
Delaware — Senate (Class 1) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| George R. Riddle | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent resigned January 29, 1864. New senator elected January 29, 1864. Democratic hold. Source candidate / selection detail: First ballot (January 29, 1864)
▌Y George R. Riddle (Democratic) 18
Blank 8
Sources & further reading
Florida — Senate (Class 1) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wilkinson Call | Unknown | — | — | Elected |
| James Patton Anderson | Unknown | — | — | — |
Seat vacant since March 14, 1861. Winner not seated. Source candidate / selection detail: First ballot (December 28, 1865)
▌Y Wilkinson Call (Unknown) 51
▌James Patton Anderson (Unknown) 21
Blank 4
Sources & further reading
Florida — Senate (Class 3) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| William Marvin | Unknown | — | — | Elected |
| Jesse J. Finley | Unknown | — | — | — |
Seat vacant since January 21, 1861. Winner not seated. Source candidate / selection detail: Ninth ballot (December 28, 1865)
▌Y William Marvin (Unknown) 49
▌Jesse J. Finley (Unknown) 24
Blank 3
Sources & further reading
Illinois — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Richard Yates | Union | — | — | Elected |
| James C. Robinson | Democratic | — | — | — |
Incumbent retired. Union gain. Source candidate / selection detail: First ballot (January 4, 1865)
▌Y Richard Yates (Union) 64
▌James C. Robinson (Democratic) 43
Sources & further reading
Iowa — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| James W. Grimes | Republican | — | — | Elected |
| John D. Jennings | Democratic | — | — | — |
| James M. Love | Democratic | — | — | — |
Incumbent re-elected. Source candidate / selection detail: First ballot (January 16, 1864)
▌Y James W. Grimes (Republican) 128
▌John D. Jennings (Democratic) 5
▌James M. Love (Democratic) 1
Sources & further reading
Kansas — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jim Lane | Republican | — | — | Elected |
| William A. Phillips | Republican | — | — | — |
| William C. McDowell | Democratic | — | — | — |
| Claudius B. Brace | Unknown | — | — | — |
| William Y. Roberts | Republican | — | — | — |
| B. M. Hughes | Unknown | — | — | — |
Incumbent re-elected. Source candidate / selection detail: First ballot (January 12, 1865)
▌Y Jim Lane (Republican) 82
▌William A. Phillips (Republican) 7
▌William C. McDowell (Democratic) 4
▌Claudius B. Brace (Unknown) 2
▌William Y. Roberts (Republican) 2
▌B. M. Hughes (Unknown) 1
Sources & further reading
Kentucky — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| James Guthrie | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
| Lovell Rousseau | Unconditional Union | — | — | — |
| John B. Huston | Democratic | — | — | — |
| William O. Butler | Democratic | — | — | — |
| Landaff Andrews | Unknown | — | — | — |
Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. Source candidate / selection detail: First ballot (January 11, 1865)
▌Y James Guthrie (Democratic) 65
▌Lovell Rousseau (Unconditional Union) 56
▌John B. Huston (Democratic) 3
▌William O. Butler (Democratic) 2
▌Landaff Andrews (Unknown) 1
Sources & further reading
Louisiana — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Michael Hahn | Free State Republican | — | — | Elected |
| Charles Smith | Free State Republican | — | — | — |
Seat vacant since February 4, 1861. Winner not seated. Source candidate / selection detail: First ballot (January 9, 1865)
▌Y Michael Hahn (Free State Republican) 92
▌Charles Smith (Free State Republican) 2
Sources & further reading
Louisiana — Senate (Class 3) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| R. King Cutler | Free State Republican | — | — | Elected |
| Cuthbert Bullitt | Conservative Union | — | — | — |
| Edward H. Durell | Free State Republican | — | — | — |
Seat vacant since February 4, 1861. Winner not seated. Source candidate / selection detail: First ballot (October 10, 1864)
▌Y R. King Cutler (Free State Republican) 77
▌Cuthbert Bullitt (Conservative Union) 20
▌Edward H. Durell (Free State Republican) 7
Sources & further reading
Louisiana — Senate (Class 2) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Charles Smith | Free State Republican | — | — | Elected |
| Cuthbert Bullitt | Conservative Union | — | — | — |
| Edward H. Durell | Free State Republican | — | — | — |
Seat vacant since March 14, 1861. Winner not seated. Source candidate / selection detail: First ballot (October 10, 1864)
▌Y Charles Smith (Free State Republican) 62
▌Cuthbert Bullitt (Conservative Union) 35
▌Edward H. Durell (Free State Republican) 7
Sources & further reading
Maine — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| William P. Fessenden | Union | — | — | Elected |
| William P. Haines | Democratic | — | — | — |
Incumbent retired. Union hold. Source candidate / selection detail: First ballot (January 11, 1865)
▌Y William P. Fessenden (Union) 116 HTooltip Maine House of Representatives; 27 STooltip Maine Senate
▌William P. Haines (Democratic) 23 HTooltip Maine House of Representatives; 0 STooltip Maine Senate
Sources & further reading
Maine — Senate (Class 2) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nathan A. Farwell | Union | — | — | Elected |
| William P. Haines | Democratic | — | — | — |
Appointee re-elected. Source candidate / selection detail: First ballot (January 11, 1865)
▌Y Nathan A. Farwell (Union) 118 HTooltip Maine House of Representatives; 27 STooltip Maine Senate
▌William P. Haines (Democratic) 21 HTooltip Maine House of Representatives; 0 STooltip Maine Senate
Sources & further reading
Maryland — Senate (Class 3) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thomas Holliday Hicks | Union | — | — | Elected |
| Samuel Hambleton | Democratic | — | — | — |
| Thomas A. Spence | Union | — | — | — |
Interim appointee elected with a new party January 11, 1864. Union gain. Source candidate / selection detail: First ballot (January 8, 1864)
▌Y Thomas Holliday Hicks (Union) 67
▌ Samuel Hambleton (Democratic) 18
▌ Thomas A. Spence (Union) 2
Blank 4
Sources & further reading
Maryland — Senate (Class 3) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| John Creswell | Union | — | — | Elected |
| Cathrill Humphries | Unknown | — | — | — |
| James E. Pilkington | Unknown | — | — | — |
| A. J. Willis | Unknown | — | — | — |
Incumbent died February 14, 1865. Union hold. Source candidate / selection detail: First ballot (March 9, 1865)
▌Y John Creswell (Union) 63
▌Cathrill Humphries (Unknown) 2
▌James E. Pilkington (Unknown) 2
▌A. J. Willis (Unknown) 1
Blank 25
Sources & further reading
Massachusetts — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Henry Wilson | Republican | — | — | Elected |
| John A. Andrew | Republican | — | — | — |
| Robert C. Winthrop | Democratic | — | — | — |
| Alexander Bullock | Republican | — | — | — |
| Charles G. Loring | Unknown | — | — | — |
Incumbent re-elected. Source candidate / selection detail: First ballot (January 10 & 20, 1865)
▌Y Henry Wilson (Republican) 207 HTooltip Massachusetts House of Representatives; 37 STooltip Massachusetts Senate
▌John A. Andrew (Republican) 12 HTooltip Massachusetts House of Representatives; 3 STooltip Massachusetts Senate
▌Robert C. Winthrop (Democratic) 4 HTooltip Massachusetts House of Representatives; 0 STooltip Massachusetts Senate
▌Alexander Bullock (Republican) 1 HTooltip Massachusetts House of Representatives; 0 STooltip Massachusetts Senate
▌Charles G. Loring (Unknown) 1 HTooltip Massachusetts House of Representatives; 0 STooltip Massachusetts Senate
Sources & further reading
Michigan — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jacob M. Howard | Republican | — | — | Elected |
| George V. N. Lothrop | Democratic | — | — | — |
Incumbent re-elected. Source candidate / selection detail: First ballot (January 5, 1865)
▌Y Jacob M. Howard (Republican) 70 HTooltip Michigan House of Representatives; 27 STooltip Michigan Senate
▌George V. N. Lothrop (Democratic) 27 HTooltip Michigan House of Representatives; 3 STooltip Michigan Senate
Sources & further reading
Minnesota — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daniel S. Norton | Union | — | — | Elected |
| James George | Democratic | — | — | — |
Incumbent lost renomination. Union hold. Source candidate / selection detail: First ballot (January 10, 1865)
▌Y Daniel S. Norton (Union) 46
▌James George (Democratic) 13
Sources & further reading
Mississippi — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| James L. Alcorn | Whig | — | — | Elected |
| Samuel J. Gholson | Democratic | — | — | — |
| William Yerger | Whig | — | — | — |
Seat vacant since March 14, 1861. Winner not seated. Source candidate / selection detail: Fourth ballot (October 20, 1865)
▌Y James L. Alcorn (Whig) 74
▌Samuel J. Gholson (Democratic) 33
▌William Yerger (Whig) 19
Sources & further reading
Mississippi — Senate (Class 1) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| William L. Sharkey | Whig | — | — | Elected |
| Fulton Anderson | Whig | — | — | — |
Seat vacant since March 14, 1861. Winner not seated. Source candidate / selection detail: First ballot (October 19, 1865)
▌Y William L. Sharkey (Whig) 100
▌Fulton Anderson (Whig) 26
Sources & further reading
Nevada — Senate 2 seats — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| William M. Stewart | Union | — | — | Elected |
| James W. Nye | Union | — | — | — |
| Charles E. DeLong | Union | — | — | — |
| Bernard C. Whitman | Unknown | — | — | — |
| John Cradlebaugh | Independent Unionist | — | — | — |
Seat created October 31, 1864. Union gain. Source candidate / selection detail: First ballot (December 15, 1864)
▌Y William M. Stewart (Union) 33
▌James W. Nye (Union) 23
▌Charles E. DeLong (Union) 23
▌Bernard C. Whitman (Unknown) 13
▌John Cradlebaugh (Independent Unionist) 12
Sources & further reading
Nevada — Senate 2 seats — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| James W. Nye | Union | — | — | Elected |
| Charles E. DeLong | Union | — | — | — |
| John Cradlebaugh | Independent Unionist | — | — | — |
Seat created October 31, 1864. Union gain. Source candidate / selection detail: Ninth ballot (December 16, 1864)
▌Y James W. Nye (Union) 29
▌Charles E. DeLong (Union) 16
▌John Cradlebaugh (Independent Unionist) 7
Sources & further reading
New Hampshire — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aaron H. Cragin | Republican | — | — | Elected |
| John H. George | Democratic | — | — | — |
| Gilman Marston | Republican | — | — | — |
| Ira Allen Eastman | Unknown | — | — | — |
Incumbent lost re-nomination. Republican hold. Source candidate / selection detail: First ballot (June 15, 1864)
▌Y Aaron H. Cragin (Republican) 201 HTooltip New Hampshire House of Representatives; 8 STooltip New Hampshire Senate
▌John H. George (Democratic) 113 HTooltip New Hampshire House of Representatives; 3 STooltip New Hampshire Senate
▌Gilman Marston (Republican) 4 HTooltip New Hampshire House of Representatives; 0 STooltip New Hampshire Senate
▌Ira Allen Eastman (Unknown) 1 HTooltip New Hampshire House of Representatives; 0 STooltip New Hampshire Senate
Sources & further reading
New Jersey — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| John P. Stockton | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
| John C. Ten Eyck | Republican | — | — | — |
| Frederick T. Frelinghuysen | Republican | — | — | — |
| Henry S. Little | Democratic | — | — | — |
| Peter D. Vroom | Democratic | — | — | — |
| Garret D. Wall | Democratic | — | — | — |
Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected in 1864. Democratic gain. Election was later disputed and seat declared vacant. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y John P. Stockton (Democratic) 40
▌John C. Ten Eyck (Republican) 37
▌Frederick T. Frelinghuysen (Republican) 1
▌Henry S. Little (Democratic) 1
▌Peter D. Vroom (Democratic) 1
▌Garret D. Wall (Democratic) 1
Sources & further reading
Oregon — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| George H. Williams | Republican | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent retired. New senator elected in 1864. Republican gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y George H. Williams (Republican)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Rhode Island — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Henry B. Anthony | Republican | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent re-elected in 1864. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Henry B. Anthony (Republican)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Virginia — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| John C. Underwood | Union | — | — | Elected |
| S. Ferguson Beach | Union | — | — | — |
| Lewis McKenzie | Union | — | — | — |
Incumbent retired. Winner not seated. Union loss. Source candidate / selection detail: First ballot (December 9, 1864)
▌Y John C. Underwood (Union) 12
▌S. Ferguson Beach (Union) 2
▌Lewis McKenzie (Union) 2
Sources & further reading
Virginia — Senate (Class 1) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Joseph Segar | Union | — | — | Elected |
| John C. Underwood | Union | — | — | — |
| S. Ferguson Beach | Union | — | — | — |
| Lewis McKenzie | Union | — | — | — |
Incumbent died January 2, 1864. Winner not seated. Union loss. Source candidate / selection detail: First ballot (December 8, 1864)
▌Y Joseph Segar (Union) 11
▌John C. Underwood (Union) 3
▌S. Ferguson Beach (Union) 1
▌Lewis McKenzie (Union) 1
Sources & further reading
West Virginia — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Waitman T. Willey | Republican | — | — | Elected |
| Lee Roy Kramer | Republican | — | — | — |
| Daniel Polsley | Republican | — | — | — |
| Archibald Campbell | Republican | — | — | — |
| David Hunter Strother | Unknown | — | — | — |
Incumbent re-elected in 1865 as a Republican. Republican gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Waitman T. Willey (Republican) 53 votes
▌Lee Roy Kramer (Republican) 7 votes
▌Daniel Polsley (Republican) 6 votes
▌Archibald Campbell (Republican) 2 votes
▌David Hunter Strother (Unknown) 1 vote
Sources & further reading
Results: final · partial coverage · Elected candidates in regular races; continuing senators are not included
| Party / candidate | Votes | Vote share | Seats | Electoral votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lewis E. Parsons · Alabama | — | — | 1 | — |
| William D. Snow · Arkansas | — | — | 1 | — |
| Willard Saulsbury · Delaware | — | — | 1 | — |
| Richard Yates · Illinois | — | — | 1 | — |
| James W. Grimes · Iowa | — | — | 1 | — |
| Jim Lane · Kansas | — | — | 1 | — |
| James Guthrie · Kentucky | — | — | 1 | — |
| Michael Hahn · Louisiana | — | — | 1 | — |
| William P. Fessenden · Maine | — | — | 1 | — |
| Henry Wilson · Massachusetts | — | — | 1 | — |
| Jacob M. Howard · Michigan | — | — | 1 | — |
| Daniel S. Norton · Minnesota | — | — | 1 | — |
| James L. Alcorn · Mississippi | — | — | 1 | — |
| Aaron H. Cragin · New Hampshire | — | — | 1 | — |
| John P. Stockton · New Jersey | — | — | 1 | — |
| George H. Williams · Oregon | — | — | 1 | — |
| Henry B. Anthony · Rhode Island | — | — | 1 | — |
| John C. Underwood · Virginia | — | — | 1 | — |
| Waitman T. Willey · West Virginia | — | — | 1 | — |
The seat diagram shows only regular seats contested in this cycle, not the full Senate. Special races remain available in the state selector. Early cycles span two years and use legislative selection; missing or non-comparable vote totals are left blank. Candidate ideology is used where sourced; otherwise the broad election-era party tradition is used. Unassessed candidates are not assigned an ideology.
Sources & further reading
U.S. Senate historical party divisions