Senate
United States elections · 1876 · held
State Senate races in this election cycle, with separate candidate results and election-era ideology attribution.
State races and results map
Each race has its own denominator. Missing counts are blank. The interactive map uses modern state outlines as navigation references.
Alabama — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| John T. Morgan | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent retired. New senator elected in 1876. Democratic hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y John T. Morgan (Democratic)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Arkansas — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Augustus Garland | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
| T. D. W. Youlee | Unknown | — | — | — |
Incumbent retired. New senator elected January 16, 1877. Democratic gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Augustus Garland (Democratic) 113
▌T. D. W. Youlee (Unknown) 8
Sources & further reading
Colorado — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Henry M. Teller | Republican | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent re-elected in 1876 or 1877. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Henry M. Teller (Republican)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Colorado — Senate (Class 2) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Henry M. Teller | Republican | — | — | Elected |
Colorado admitted to the Union August 1, 1876. First senator elected November 15, 1876. Republican gain. Winner was also elected to the next term; see below. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Henry M. Teller (Republican)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Colorado — Senate (Class 3) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jerome B. Chaffee | Republican | — | — | Elected |
Colorado admitted to the Union August 1, 1876. First senator elected November 15, 1876. Republican gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Jerome B. Chaffee (Republican)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Connecticut — Senate (Class 3) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| William Barnum | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
Interim appointee retired when successor elected. New senator elected May 17, 1876. Democratic hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y William Barnum (Democratic)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Delaware — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eli Saulsbury | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent re-elected in 1876. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Eli Saulsbury (Democratic)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Georgia — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Benjamin Harvey Hill | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
| Thomas M. Norwood | Democratic | — | — | — |
| Herschel V. Johnson | Democratic | — | — | — |
| James M. Smith | Democratic | — | — | — |
| Charles J. Jenkins | Democratic | — | — | — |
Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected January 26, 1877 on the fourth ballot. Democratic hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Benjamin Harvey Hill (Democratic) 114
▌Thomas M. Norwood (Democratic) 85
▌Herschel V. Johnson (Democratic) 6
▌James M. Smith (Democratic) 5
▌Charles J. Jenkins (Democratic) 1
Sources & further reading
Illinois — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| David Davis | Independent | — | — | Elected |
| Charles B. Lawrence | Unknown | — | — | — |
| John C. Haines | Republican | — | — | — |
| John A. Logan | Republican | — | — | — |
Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected January 25, 1877 on the fortieth ballot. Independent gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y David Davis (Independent) 101
▌Charles B. Lawrence (Unknown) 94
▌John C. Haines (Republican) 3
▌John A. Logan (Republican) 1
Other 1
Sources & further reading
Iowa — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Samuel J. Kirkwood | Republican | — | — | Elected |
| Shepard Leffler | Unknown | — | — | — |
Incumbent retired. New senator elected January 19, 1876. Republican hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Samuel J. Kirkwood (Republican) 108
▌Shepard Leffler (Unknown) 37
Sources & further reading
Kansas — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Preston B. Plumb | Republican | — | — | Elected |
| David P. Lowe | Republican | — | — | — |
| John Martin | Republican | — | — | — |
| Thomas A. Osborn | Republican | — | — | — |
| James M. Harvey | Republican | — | — | — |
Incumbent lost re-election. New elected January 31, 1877 on the seventeenth ballot. Republican hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Preston B. Plumb (Republican) 89
▌David P. Lowe (Republican) 63
▌John Martin (Republican) 8
▌Thomas A. Osborn (Republican) eliminated
▌James M. Harvey (Republican) eliminated
Others 3
Sources & further reading
Kentucky — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| James B. Beck | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
| William H. Wadsworth | Republican | — | — | — |
| Preston | Unknown | — | — | — |
| J. Proctor Knott | Democratic | — | — | — |
Incumbent retired. New senator elected January 18, 1876. Democratic hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y James B. Beck (Democratic) 106
▌ William H. Wadsworth (Republican) 14
▌ Preston (Unknown) 4
▌ J. Proctor Knott (Democratic) 1
Sources & further reading
Louisiana — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| William P. Kellogg | Republican | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent retired. New senator elected January 10, 1877. Republican hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y William P. Kellogg (Republican)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Louisiana — Senate (Class 3) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| James B. Eustis | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
Senate had declined to seat rival claimants William L. McMillen and P. B. S. Pinchback. Senator elected January 12, 1876. Democratic gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y James B. Eustis (Democratic)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Maine — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| James G. Blaine | Republican | — | — | Elected |
| William P. Haines | Unknown | — | — | — |
Interim appointee elected January 16, 1877. Winner also elected to finish the term; see above. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y James G. Blaine (Republican) 139
▌William P. Haines (Unknown) 33
Sources & further reading
Maine — Senate (Class 2) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| James G. Blaine | Republican | — | — | Elected |
| William P. Haines | Unknown | — | — | — |
Interim appointee elected January 17, 1877. Winner was also elected to the next term; see below. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y James G. Blaine (Republican) 139
▌William P. Haines (Unknown) 33
Sources & further reading
Massachusetts — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| George F. Hoar | Republican | — | — | Elected |
| Josiah G. Abbott | Democratic | — | — | — |
| George S. Boutwell | Republican | — | — | — |
| Alexander H. Rice | Republican | — | — | — |
| Alexander H. Bullock | Republican | — | — | — |
| Julius H. Seelye | Independent | — | — | — |
| Paul A. Chadbourne | Republican | — | — | — |
Incumbent lost renomination. New senator elected in 1877. Republican hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y George F. Hoar (Republican) 146
▌Josiah G. Abbott (Democratic) 62
▌George S. Boutwell (Republican) 47
▌Alexander H. Rice (Republican) 19
▌Alexander H. Bullock (Republican) 1
▌Julius H. Seelye (Independent) 1
▌Paul A. Chadbourne (Republican) 1
Sources & further reading
Michigan — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thomas W. Ferry | Republican | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent re-elected in 1877. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Thomas W. Ferry (Republican)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Minnesota — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| William Windom | Republican | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent re-elected in 1877. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y William Windom (Republican)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Mississippi — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lucius Q. C. Lamar | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent retired or lost re-election. New senator elected in 1876. Democratic gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Lucius Q. C. Lamar (Democratic)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Nebraska — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alvin Saunders | Republican | — | — | Elected |
| Phineas Hitchcock | Republican | — | — | — |
Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected in 1877. Republican hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Alvin Saunders (Republican)
▌Phineas Hitchcock (Republican)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
New Hampshire — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Edward H. Rollins | Republican | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent retired or lost re-election. New senator elected in 1876. Republican hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Edward H. Rollins (Republican)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
New Jersey — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| John R. McPherson | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
| Cortlandt Parker | Republican | — | — | — |
| George M. Robeson | Republican | — | — | — |
| Frederick T. Frelinghuysen | Republican | — | — | — |
| William Walter Phelps | Republican | — | — | — |
Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected January 24, 1877. Democratic gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y John R. McPherson (Democratic) 41
▌Cortlandt Parker (Republican) 18
▌George M. Robeson (Republican) 11
▌Frederick T. Frelinghuysen (Republican) 10
▌William Walter Phelps (Republican) 1
Sources & further reading
North Carolina — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Matt W. Ransom | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent re-elected in 1876. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Matt W. Ransom (Democratic)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Ohio — Senate (Class 3) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stanley Matthews | Republican | — | — | Elected |
| Alfred Ginther | Unknown | — | — | — |
| Frank H. Hurd | Democratic | — | — | — |
Incumbent resigned March 8, 1877 to become U.S. Secretary of the Treasury. New senator elected March 21, 1877. Republican hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Stanley Matthews (Republican) 82
▌Alfred Ginther (Unknown) 6
▌Frank H. Hurd (Democratic) 1
Blank 34
Sources & further reading
Oregon — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| La Fayette Grover | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y La Fayette Grover (Democratic)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Pennsylvania — Senate (Class 3) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| J. Donald Cameron | Republican | — | — | Elected |
| Andrew H. Dill | Democratic | — | — | — |
| Hiester Clymer | Democratic | — | — | — |
| Andrew G. Curtin | Democratic | — | — | — |
| John Jackson | Democratic | — | — | — |
Incumbent resigned March 12, 1877. New senator elected March 20, 1877. Republican hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y J. Donald Cameron (Republican)
▌Andrew H. Dill (Democratic)
▌Hiester Clymer (Democratic)
▌Andrew G. Curtin (Democratic)
▌John Jackson (Democratic)
Sources & further reading
Rhode Island — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Henry B. Anthony | Republican | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent re-elected in 1876. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Henry B. Anthony (Republican)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
South Carolina — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Matthew Butler | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent retired. New senator elected in 1876. Democratic gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Matthew Butler (Democratic)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
Tennessee — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Isham G. Harris | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
| L. L. Hawkins | Unknown | — | — | — |
| James D. Porter | Democratic | — | — | — |
| Horace Harrison | Republican | — | — | — |
| W. B. Bates | Unknown | — | — | — |
Incumbent retired. New senator elected January 10, 1877. Democratic hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Isham G. Harris (Democratic) 77
▌L. L. Hawkins (Unknown) 19
▌James D. Porter (Democratic) 1
▌Horace Harrison (Republican) 1
▌W. B. Bates (Unknown) 1
Sources & further reading
Tennessee — Senate (Class 1) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| James E. Bailey | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
| David M. Key | Democratic | — | — | — |
| W. B. Bates | Unknown | — | — | — |
Interim appointee lost special election. New senator elected January 19, 1877 on the 74th ballot. Democratic hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y James E. Bailey (Democratic) 55
▌David M. Key (Democratic) 38
▌W. B. Bates (Unknown) 7
Sources & further reading
Texas — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Richard Coke | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
| John Ireland | Democratic | — | — | — |
Incumbent retired. New senator elected May 5, 1876 on third ballot. Democratic gain. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Richard Coke (Democratic) 68
▌John Ireland (Democratic) 49
Sources & further reading
Virginia — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| John W. Johnston | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
Incumbent re-elected in 1877. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y John W. Johnston (Democratic)
[data missing]
Sources & further reading
West Virginia — Senate — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Henry G. Davis | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
| Charles J. Faulkner | Democratic | — | — | — |
| Gideon D. Camden | Democratic | — | — | — |
| John Brannon | Unknown | — | — | — |
| John J. Davis | Democratic | — | — | — |
Incumbent re-elected January 26, 1877 on the fourth ballot. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Henry G. Davis (Democratic) 60
▌Charles J. Faulkner (Democratic) 19
▌Gideon D. Camden (Democratic) 3
▌John Brannon (Unknown) 2
▌John J. Davis (Democratic) 1
Other 1
Sources & further reading
West Virginia — Senate (Class 1) — General
Legislative / indirect selection. Legislative selection; popular-vote totals are not inferred
| Candidate | Party | Votes | Share | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frank Hereford | Democratic | — | — | Elected |
| Samuel Price | Democratic | — | — | — |
| Henry S. Walker | Unknown | — | — | — |
| R. F. Dennis | Unknown | — | — | — |
Interim appointee lost special election. New senator elected January 26, 1877 on the 5th ballot. Democratic hold. Source candidate / selection detail: ▌Y Frank Hereford (Democratic) 70
▌Samuel Price (Democratic) 10
▌Henry S. Walker (Unknown) 4
▌R. F. Dennis (Unknown) 1
Other 1 vote
Sources & further reading
Results: final · partial coverage · Elected candidates in regular races; continuing senators are not included
| Party / candidate | Votes | Vote share | Seats | Electoral votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| John T. Morgan · Alabama | — | — | 1 | — |
| Augustus Garland · Arkansas | — | — | 1 | — |
| Henry M. Teller · Colorado | — | — | 1 | — |
| Eli Saulsbury · Delaware | — | — | 1 | — |
| Benjamin Harvey Hill · Georgia | — | — | 1 | — |
| David Davis · Illinois | — | — | 1 | — |
| Samuel J. Kirkwood · Iowa | — | — | 1 | — |
| Preston B. Plumb · Kansas | — | — | 1 | — |
| James B. Beck · Kentucky | — | — | 1 | — |
| William P. Kellogg · Louisiana | — | — | 1 | — |
| James G. Blaine · Maine | — | — | 1 | — |
| George F. Hoar · Massachusetts | — | — | 1 | — |
| Thomas W. Ferry · Michigan | — | — | 1 | — |
| William Windom · Minnesota | — | — | 1 | — |
| Lucius Q. C. Lamar · Mississippi | — | — | 1 | — |
| Alvin Saunders · Nebraska | — | — | 1 | — |
| Edward H. Rollins · New Hampshire | — | — | 1 | — |
| John R. McPherson · New Jersey | — | — | 1 | — |
| Matt W. Ransom · North Carolina | — | — | 1 | — |
| La Fayette Grover · Oregon | — | — | 1 | — |
| Henry B. Anthony · Rhode Island | — | — | 1 | — |
| Matthew Butler · South Carolina | — | — | 1 | — |
| Isham G. Harris · Tennessee | — | — | 1 | — |
| Richard Coke · Texas | — | — | 1 | — |
| John W. Johnston · Virginia | — | — | 1 | — |
| Henry G. Davis · West Virginia | — | — | 1 | — |
The seat diagram shows only regular seats contested in this cycle, not the full Senate. Special races remain available in the state selector. Early cycles span two years and use legislative selection; missing or non-comparable vote totals are left blank. Candidate ideology is used where sourced; otherwise the broad election-era party tradition is used. Unassessed candidates are not assigned an ideology.
Sources & further reading
U.S. Senate historical party divisions